Hinge-mortising machine



(No Model.)

J. A. MACKENZIE.

HINGE MORTISIYNG MACHINE.

No. 355,272. Patented Dec. 28, 1886..

N. versus, Plwlohlhngnphcr. Washington. u, c

UNITED STATES Tries.

PATENT HINGE-MORTISING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 355,272, dated December28, 1886.

Application filed August 3, 1886. Serial No. 209,910. (No model.)

tisingmachine having fixed knives or cutters for making the incisionsthat form the bounda ries of the gains, and a knife slidingsubstantially at right angles thereto for removing the wood that iswithin such incisions.

The invention further consists in the novel construction and arrangementof the gages for regulating the width and depth of the mortise.

The invention further consists in a novel knife-clamp for holding thefixed knives in position.

The'invention further consists in the construction and combinationhereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, Figurel is a side elevation of my improved device. Fig. 2 is a frontelevation, and Fig. 3 is a-rear elevation,

of the same. Fig.4 is a bottom 'plan, and

Fig.5 is a partial vertical section,showing the sliding knife and.theknife-stock and clamp for holding the fixed knives in position.

In the drawings,2 represents the main frame of the device. It ispreferably formed of cast metal and is provided with a suitable handle,3, by which it maybe grasped by'the hand of the operator and placed andheld in any desired position.

The bottom of the frame 2 is formed as a threesided box, having twosides, 5 5, parallel to each other, and the side 7 at right angles tothe sides 5 5, thereby forminga knifestock, against the inner walls ofwhich the knives are clamped by a block of metal that fits closelyinside of the knives and presses them firmly against the outerbox-shaped stock, which takes the place of the knife-caps used on mostmachine-knives or plane-bits. This box or stock is preferably formedintegrally with the frame 2, and its walls inclose a rectangular spacebetween them. The inner walls of the stock are vertical, and the fixedknives 9 are arranged within them, with their flat sides against thevertical walls. The other sides of the knives are inclined, which causesthe knives to be thicker at the-back, or, in

Should the knives become l0ose,small pieces of leather or other materialmay be placed be tween. them and the inclined walls of theclamping-block, and similar pieces may be placed behind the knives whenthey become worn, so as to be too short for use.

The fixed knives are arranged on the three sides of a rectangle, and bythem the vertical incisions for the mortises are made.

17 is a sliding knife that is supported and moves freely in ways 19,formed on the frame 2. This knife is arranged substantially in line withthe lower edges of thefixed knives and is adapted to moveninto therectangular space between them.

Suitable means are provided for moving the knife 17. I prefer to providethe knife with the lugs 21 and to fulcrum a lever, 23, upon the frame 2,with its end between the lugs 21. By moving the upper end of the leveroutward from the frame-handle 3 the knife 17 is moved inward between theother knives, cutting clean the chip to be removed; and by reversing themovement of the lever the knife is moved in the other direction, readyfor the next operation.

The sliding knife may be arranged to move exactly at right angles to theother knives, or it may be slightly inclined, as shown in Fig. 5, sothat it will cut deeper at the front or forward edge than at the rear.This makes the mortise somewhat deeper in front, which is usuallydesirable.

In using the device the bottom of the frame is placed on the edge of thedoor, casing, lid, or wherever the mortise is to be made. By

striking with a mallet on the end of the handle 3 the knives 9 aredriven into the wood to the desired depth. While the tool is held inthis position the lever is operated,sliding the knife 17 between theother knives, and thereby cutting out the wood to the proper depth. Theknife 17 is then moved back and the device is ready for anotheroperation. It is found'that the wood removed by the tool usually sticksbetween the fixed knives, and I prefer to provide a chip-expel1er bywhich it may be pushed out. This preferably consists of a plunger, 27secured to a pin, 29, that projects through the frame into the spacebetween the fixed knives. A spring, 31, upon the pin-holds it in anelevated position; By pressing on the end of the pin the block 27 may beforced against a chip between the fixed knives to push it therefrom. Ialso prefer to provide the device with gages for limiting the width anddepth of the mortise.

33 is a depth-gage held to the frame 2 by the screw 35 and provided witha slot, 37, which allows a certain lateral movement. The frame 2 isrecessed to receive the gage, and this recess is formed with inclines 39upon either side,-

the angles of which are exactly the same. These inclines are arranged tofit corresponding inclines, 34, upon the upper extremities of the gage33. The gage is provided with a projection, 41, havinga threadedopening, into which a set-screw, 43, is fitted. The inner end of thisset-screw bears against the frame 2. The

lower portion of the gage 33 is preferably provided with two bearingends, 45, the under surfaces of which rest upon the work, the distancebetween the lower surface of the sliding knife and the surface of theends 45 determining the depth of the mortise. To vary this depth thescrew 35 is loosened, and by turning the set-screw 43 the gage may bemoved to the right or left upon the inclines 39. This carries thesurface of the gage up or down, as the case may be, and increases ordiminishes the depth of the incision.

I also provide the device with a gage, 47, to determine the width of thecut to suit the particular hinge to be used. This gage consists of aplate extending across the bottom of the frame and having ways uponeither side which bear upon theframe and keep it parallel thereto. It isheld to the frame by means of the screw 49, which operates in the slot51, and al- The device may be used for cutting gains or mortises of anydesired length, as two or more cuts may be made contiguous to each otherwhen one cut is not of sufiicient length.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a device for forming hinge-mortises, thecombination, with the frame 2, having the handle 3, and the rectangularstock formed integrally with said frame, of the fixed knives arrangedagainst the-three sides of said stock, and the sliding knife mounted inways on the frame2 and adapted to move between the fixed knives,substantially as described.

2. The combination, in a hinge-mortiser, with the frame 2, having thehandle 3, and the rectangular stock formed integrally with said frame,of the fixed knives 9, secured to said stock, the sliding knife 17,mounted in ways 19 in the frame 2 and arranged in a plane at or near theedges of the fixed knives,and means clined walls 13, and the screw 15,all substantially as described.

4. The combination, in a hinge-mortiser, wit-h the frame 2, having thehandle 3, and the rectangular stock formed integrally with said frame,of the fixed knives 9, secured to said stock, the sliding knife 17,mounted in ways 19, formed in said frame 2, and the operatinglever 23,pivoted to the frame 2 and engaging said sliding knife, allsubstantially as described.

5. The combination, in a hinge-mortiser, with the frame 2, having thehandle 3, of the knives 9, secured, as described, to said frame, thesliding knife 17, mounted in ways 19 in said frame, the depth-gage 33and the widthgage 47., secured to said frame 2, and means for movingsaid gages, all substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the fixed knives.

9 and the sliding knife 17, of the frame having the inclines 39, thedepth-gage having the bearing ends 45 and the inclines 34, and theadjusting-screw 43, for moving said gage, substantially as described.

7. The combination, with the fixed knives 9 and the sliding knife 17, ofthe width-gage 47, adapted to move in aplane at right angles to thefixed knives and having the bearing ends 53 upon each side of theknives, substantiall y as described.

8. The combination, in a hinge-mortiser, with the frame 2, having thehandle 3, and the rectangular stock formed integrally with said frame,of the fixed knives secured to said stock, the spring-controlled plunger27, an ranged within said fixed knives, and the sliding knife 17, movingat right angles to the JAMES A. MACKENZIE.

In presence of A. 0. PAUL, R. H. SAN-FORD.

